Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías

SECTION A: EXACT SCIENCES

Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015)

Age of the universe and the energy density of radiation

DOI
https://doi.org/10.18272/aci.v7i2.247
Submitted
January 22, 2016
Published
2015-12-30

Abstract

From the mathematical expression relating the redshift parameter with time and the cosmological densities of matter, radiation and vacuum in the Lemaitre model, we have derived an equation for the age of the universe at present time taking into account the contribution of the radiation energy density (that generally is neglected in the calculations). Additionally we calculate the value of the redshift parameter in the transition age when matter and radiation decouple.

viewed = 1404 times

References

  1. Weinberg, S. 2008. "Cosmology" Oxford University Press.
  2. Marn, C. 2011. "La Expansión del Universo, Una Introducción a Cosmología, Relatividad General y Física de Partículas, Segunda Edición", USFQ, Quito-Ecuador.
  3. Hawking, S. 1998. "A Brief History of Time", Bantam Books.
  4. Perlmutter, S. et al. 1998. "Discovery of a supernova explosion at half the age of the universe", Nature 391, p. 51.
  5. Perlmutter, S. et al. 1999. "Measurements of Q and A from 42 high-redshift Supernovae", Astrophys.J. 517, p. 565-586.
  6. Perlmutter, S. 2003. "Supernovae, Dark Energy, and the Accelerating Universe", Physics Today 56 (4), p. 53-59.
  7. Schmidt, B. et al. 1998. "High-Z-Supernova Search", Astrophys. J. 507, p.46
  8. Kenyon, I. R. 1996. "General Relativity". Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
  9. Ohanian, H. C. 1976. "Gravitation and Spacetime". W. W. Norton Company, Inc.
  10. Misner, C. W.; Thorne, K.S. and Wheeler, J. A. 1973. "Gravitation", W. H. Freeman & Company, NY, NY.
  11. Cheng, T. P. 2005. "Relativity, Gravitation and Cosmology. A Basic Introduction", Oxford University Press.
  12. Kolb, E. W., Turner, M. S. 1994. "The Early Universe", Addison Wesley.
  13. Marín, C. 2001. "El Origen del Universo", Producciones Digitales Abya-Yala.
  14. Olive, K. A. et al. (Particle Data Group) 2014. "Review of Particle Physics", Chinese Physics C. 38, No.9.
  15. Gliner, E. B. 1966. Sov. Phys. JETP. 22.
  16. Zeldovich, Y. B. 1968. Sov. Phys. USP. 11.
  17. Weinberg, S. 1972. "Gravitation and Cosmology", John Wiley Sons, Inc.
  18. Hobson, M. P., Efstathiou, G. P. and Lasenby, A. N. 2006. "General Relativity. An Introduction for Physicists", Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
  19. Ade, P. A. R. et al. (Planck Collaboration). 2014. "Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological Parameters", arXiv: 1303.5076 (astr-ph.CO).
  20. Hoyng, P. 2006. "Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology, A primer", Springer Verlag.
  21. Peacock, J. A. 1999. "Cosmological Physics", Cambridge University Press.
  22. Lahav, O., Liddle, A. R. 2014. "The Cosmological Parameters", Chinese Physics C. 38, No.9, p. 345-352.
  23. Guth, A. H. 1997. "The Inflationary Universe", Addison Wesley.