Bionucleares 2020
Vol. 12 No. 3 (2020): Aplicaciones Nucleares (2021)
Solanum phureja is an Andean potato variety with a high export potential, thanks to its nutritional, organoleptic and functional properties; however, its shelf life is very short. The aim of this research was to evaluate the treatment of this tuber with gamma radiation to delay sprouting. A 4×2 factorial design was used to select the best dose (0, 80, 120 or 160 Gy) and time after harvest (one or five days) of the treatment. Similarly, a 3×2 factorial design was used to select the best chlorpropham (CIPC) dose (0, 20 or 30 mg kg-1) and time after harvest (one or five days); this is a common chemical treatment to delay sprouting in potato. The best physical treatment corresponded to the irradiation with a dose of 120 Gy, five days after harvest; it produced a weight loss of 16.5%, a firmness loss of 17.2%, no sprouts and 4.0% of rottenness after 40 days of storage at 19 °C and 60% relative humidity. The best chemical treatment corresponded to the application of 30 mg CIPC kg-1 five days after harvest, and it produced a weight loss of 17.4%, a firmness loss of 21,0%, 8,0% of rottenness and the appearance of sprouts after 25 days. In the potatoes of the control sample (without any treatment), weight loss was 23.7%, firmness loss was 20.9%, rottenness of 7,0% and the appearance of sprouts after 6 days. Sensory analysis (appearance, color, texture and flavor) and proximal analysis (moisture, ashes, protein, lipids, crude fiber and carbohydrates content) showed that the applied treatments did not significantly affect the organoleptic or nutritional content of the potatoes. These results suggest that irradiation of Solanum phureja could increase its shelf life and keep the quality by approximately 33 days.
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