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ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías

Bionucleares 2020

Vol. 12 No. 3 (2020): Aplicaciones Nucleares (2021)

X-rays treatments to isolate ornamental mutants in Salvia coccinea.

DOI
https://doi.org/10.18272/aci.v12i3.1921
Submitted
August 7, 2020
Published
2021-05-05

Abstract

The Salvia genus has great ornamental value, with numerous varieties on the world market. Around 900 species correspond to this genus, 19 of which are native to Argentina. Salvia coccinea is one of the Argentinean species with the greatest potential since it has great rusticity, vigor and very showy flowers of an intense red color. However, breeding in this species has two major constrains: a low variability and a difficult interspecific hybridization. To increase genetic variability in ornamental plants, mutation induction techniques are specially appropriated since they have great chances to  modify characteristics of flowers, foliage, growth habit and physiological variables keeping unchanged most of the genetic background. In order to evaluate X-rays effects in S. coccinea, X-rays treatments were applied to seeds of a selected genotype in doses of 100 to 600 Gy. To evaluate the effect produced, the area of "‹"‹the cotyledons was estimated by means of the analysis of photographs, the lethal dose 50 (LD50) in the survival of the plants was calculated, and the phenotypes obtained were evaluated. Cotyledon expansion was affected in all treatments with X-rays application, showing a smaller area than the control treatment. The LD50 was estimated using the formula obtained by linear regression, resulting in an irradiation value of 312 Gy. Among the phenotypes modifications, leaf deformations, pigments alterations (variegation, albinism) and stem torsion were observed. The selection of mutants will focus on compact plants, leaf variegation, novelties in flower shape and color, and sterility.

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