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ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías

Bionucleares 2020

Vol. 12 No. 3 (2020): Aplicaciones Nucleares (2021)

Phenotypic evaluation of two generations of pea plants (Pisum sativum L.) from gamma-radiated seeds to identify resistance to Ascochyta spp.

DOI
https://doi.org/10.18272/aci.v12i3.1918
Submitted
August 6, 2020
Published
2021-05-05

Abstract

SUMMARY

Pea culture (Pisum sativum L.) is severely affected by Ascoquitosis, a disease that causes large losses in yield. There are no genotypes that have genetic resistance; to generate them and identify resistant plants, gamma-ray mutations were induced in seeds of the variety INIAP 436 Liliana, which aimed to evaluate phenotypically two generations of pea plants from irradiated seeds. The research was three stages: first, it was determined that the optimal dose of radiation to induce mutations was 120 Gy. In the second stage 30000 seeds were irradiated at that dose, planted in the field next to a witness population constituting the M1 generation. In the treated population were observed: decrease in the percentage of emergency, occurrence of chimeric and sterile plants. The harvested seeds originated the M2 generation (third stage), which was planted in the field in two localities next to a witness population, There were no significant differences between the emergency percentages of the populations in the two localities; Chlorophyll mutant plants of the categories albin, xantha and viridis were observed. The frequency of induced chlorophilic mutations was 0.22%. The values of mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency were 0.0018 and 0.0169, respectively. Plants in flowering stage were inoculated with ascochyta sp isolations. and his reaction was assessed. Two plants with intermediate resistance were selected. His progeny was sown under a greenhouse and at 35 days he was inoculated with Ascochyta spp; the reaction was susceptibility. In this study, the use of gamma rays was not effective in obtaining resistance to Ascoquitosis, possibly because it is a polygenic character, or the radiation dose was low with a chance of a simultaneous change of those genes is quite low.

Keywords: mutations, gamma rays, chlorophilic mutants, progeny, genetic enhancement.

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