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ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías

SECCIÓN A: CIENCIAS EXACTAS Y FÍSICAS

Vol. 2 Núm. 2 (2010)

Determinación de la persistencia de compuestos perfluorinados en plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales municipales mediante LC-MS/MS

DOI
https://doi.org/10.18272/aci.v2i2.20
Enviado
julio 2, 2015
Publicado
2010-06-01

Resumen

Los compuestos perfluorinados (Perfluorinated Chemicals, PFCs) son contaminantes emer­gentes que han sido utilizados por más de 50 años en una variedad de procesos industriales y en la producción de artículos de consumo humano. Los PFCs han recibido mucha aten­ción en los últimos diez años debido a su presencia en matrices bióticas y ambientales; así como también, a reportes relacionados con su persistencia y toxicidad. Las Plantas de Tra­tamiento de Aguas Residuales (PTARs) municipales han sido identificadas como fuentes puntuales de PFCs según estudios recientes. En este estudio se investigó la presencia de PFCs en las descargas de plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales en Arizona.

Un método cuantitativo basado en limpieza con ácido-extracción con solvente seguido de una limpieza-extracción en fase sólida (Solid Phase Extraction, SPE) fue exitosamente desarrollado para determinar la presencia de PFCs en matrices ambientales sólidas. Cro­matografía líquida de alta eficacia acoplada a espectrometría de masas en tándem (Liquid Chromatography copuled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry, LC-MS/MS) fue utilizada para detectar y cuantificar PFCs en lodos provenientes de las PTARs. Análisis por monitoreo de iones seleccionados (Selected Ion Monitoring, SIM) se empleó para mejorar los lími­tes de detección de los compuestos perfluorinados. Los límites de detección de los PFCs evaluados en este estudio fueron de 50 pg L-1 para sulfonato de perfluorooctano (Per­fluorooctane sulfonate, PFOS), sulfonato de perfluorodecano (Perfluorodecane sulfonate, PFDS) y ácido perfluorodecanoico (Perfluorodecanoic acid, PFDA), y 200 pg L-1 de sul­fonato de perfluorohexano (Perfluorohexane sulfonate, PFHXs) y ácido perfluorooctanoico (Perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOA). PFOS (77 ± 5 ng g-1 lodo peso seco) fue el único com­puesto perfluorinado detectado en los lodos provenientes de plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales en Tucson, Arizona.

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