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La biomasa residual es una materia prima clave para la producción de calor y electricidad, biocombustibles y productos químicos. Con base a los resultados reportados en la literatura, Ecuador, al ser una economía basada en la agricultura, tiene el potencial de satisfacer sus demandas energéticas cumpliendo con las regulaciones ambientales, mediante la conversión de biomasa residual autogenerada. En las últimas décadas, se han modelado y estudiado ampliamente métodos biológicos, químicos y termoquímicos convencionales a escala de laboratorio para la producción de biogás, bioetanol y otros combustibles sólidos y líquidos. Los cuales pueden convertirse en la piedra base para el desarrollo de aplicaciones a mayor escala. Además, estudios recientes, han mostrado también el desarrollo de nuevos procesos para la conversión de residuos de biomasa ecuatoriana en productos de valor agregado, tales como materiales porosos para tratamiento biomédico y de aguas residuales, producción de hidrógeno, entre otros. Esto, en general, proporciona un ciclo de revalorización de las corrientes de residuos actuales, reduciendo el problema del tratamiento y eliminación de residuos, con el objetivo de introducir productos para el desarrollo de una bioeconomía local sostenible.
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