Historical responsibility for climate justice and gender inequalities in climate change
Main Article Content
Abstract
The article addresses the insufficient attention given to social dimensions, particularly gender, in international proposals to tackle climate change. It highlights the historical responsibility of Global North countries in climate change and the need for their acknowledgment and remediation to achieve true climate justice. The historical responsibility and its impact on climate justice, as well as gender inequities in the climatic context, are theoretically analyzed. The article also examines one of the main limitations of the Paris Agreement and reveals deficiencies in international negotiations on climate change. Finally, it advocates for the need for public policies that address gender inequities, emphasizing the importance of the intersection between historical responsibility and gender inequities in the fight against climate change.
Article Details
References
Aguilar Revelo, Lorena. 2021. “La igualdad de género ante el cambio climático: ¿qué pueden hacer los mecanismos para el adelanto de las mujeres de América Latina y el Caribe?”, Serie Asuntos de Género, no. 159, Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL). https://repositorio.cepal.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/8005c7ed-957e-4434-b6b6-cf29ceb54866/content
Aguilar Revelo, Lorena. 2022. “Women’s autonomy and gender equality at the centre of climate action in Latin America and the Caribbean”, Project Documents, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). https://repositorio.cepal.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/76aba0a3-2e36-42ea-852f-2ce021115384/content
Ayala Carrillo, María del Rosario, Verónica Gutiérrez Villapando and Emma Zapata Martelo. 2016. “Género, cambio climático y REDD+: experiencias en el tiempo”, Terra Latinoamericana no. 34: 139-153. https://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/tl/v34n1/2395-8030-tl-34-01-00139.pdf
Berkey, Brian. 2017. “Benefiting from Unjust Acts and Benefiting from Injustice: Historical Emissions and the Beneficiary Pays Principle”. In Climate justice and historical emissions, edited by Lukas H. Meyer and Pranay Sanklecha, 123-40. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314235001_Climate_Justice_and_Historical_Emissions
Borràs Pentinat, Susana. 2017. “Movimientos para la justicia climática global: replanteando el escenario internacional del cambio climático”, Relaciones Internacionales, no. 33: 97-119. https://revistas.uam.es/relacionesinternacionales/article/view/6729
Bradshaw, Sarah, and Maureen Fordham. 2013. “Women, girls and disasters. A review for DFID”. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5dc13dc640f0b637a1443e63/withdrawn-women-girls-disasters.pdf
Butt, Daniel. 2017. “Historical Emissions: Does Ignorance Matter?” In Climate justice and historical emissions, edited by Lukas H. Meyer and Pranay Sanklecha, 61-79. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314235001_Climate_Justice_and_Historical_Emissions
Erman, Alvina, Sophie Anne De Vries Robbé, Stephan Fabian Thies, Kabir Kayenat and Mirai Maruo. 2021. “Gender Dimensions of Disaster Risk and Resilience”. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. https://wrd.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/2021-11/Gender-Dimensions-of-Disaster-Risk-and-Resilience-Existing-Evidence.pdf
Fondo de Población de las Naciones Unidas (UNFPA). 2012. “Violencia de género y los desastres naturales en América Latina y el Caribe”. https://lac.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/UNFPAversiones.pdf
Friman, Mathias, and Gustav Strandberg. “Historical responsibility for climate change: science and the science-policy interface”, Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 5, no. 3: 297-316. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:694451/FULLTEXT01.pdf
Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático. 2021. “Cambio climático 2021: Bases físicas. Contribución del Grupo de Trabajo I al Sexto Informe de Evaluación del Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático”. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WG1_SPM_Spanish.pdf
Habtezion, Senay. 2016. “Overview of linkages between gender and climate change” United Nations Development Programme. https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/publications/UNDP%20Linkages%20Gender%20and%20CC%20Policy%20Brief%201-WEB.pdf
Innerarity, Daniel. 2012. “Justicia climática”, Dilemata, no.9: 175-191. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3926487
Latindadd. 2023. “Women at the center of the climate crisis”, no.1: 1-39. https://www.latindadd.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/women-at-the-center-of-the-climate-crisis.pdf
Meyer, Lukas H. 2013. "Why Historical Emissions Should Count", Chicago Journal of International Law 13, no. 2: 598-614. https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cjil/vol13/iss2/15
Moreano Venegas, Melissa, Miriam Lang, and Gabriela Ruales. 2021. “Climate justice from the perspective of Latin American and other Southern Feminisms”, Fundación Rosa Luxemburg Oficina Región Andina, no. 20: 1-31,
Parra, Sergio. 2017. “COP28: tensiones y desacuerdos marcan el final de la cumbre climática en Dubái”, National Geographic, December 13, 2017. https://www.nationalgeographic.com.es/medio-ambiente/cop28-tensiones-y-desacuerdos-marcan-final-cumbre-climatica-dubai_21228
Paz, Jorge. 2022. “Feminización de la pobreza en América Latina”, Notas de Población, no. 114: 11-36. https://repositorio.cepal.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/a75987bf-f8e7-46b0-84a4-c17d9919121e/content
Ponce de León Valenzuela. 2023. “Green jobs, an opportunity for women in Latin America. Climate Change, Gender and Just Transition”, International Labour Organization and European Commission, Directorate-General for International Partnerships, Brussels. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---americas/---ro-lima/documents/publication/wcms_888590.pdf
Primicias. 2023. “Débil, vago e irrelevante: las claves del acuerdo final de la COP28”, Primicias, December 19, 2023. https://www.primicias.ec/noticias/entretenimiento/tecnologia/acuerdo-cop28-dubai-claves-impacto/
Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. 2023. “El diccionario climático: una guía práctica para el cambio climático”. https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2023-10/undp-the-climate-dictionary-es_0.pdf
Rivera Albarracín, Lennys. 2023. “Crisis climática: retos y oportunidades”, Anuario CEIPAZ. https://ceipaz.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/4.LennysRivera.pdf
Schalatek, Liane. 2022. “Gender an Climate Finance”. https://climatefundsupdate.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/CFF10-Gender-and-CF_ENG-2021.pdf
Stallard, Emme. 2022. “COP27: Lack of women at negotiations raises concern”, BBC, November 15, 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-63636435
Stock, Anke. 2012. “El cambio climático desde una perspectiva de género”, Fundación Friedrich Ebert. https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/quito/09023.pdf
Thompson, Janna. 2017. “Historical Responsibility and Climate Change”. In Climate justice and historical emissions, edited by Lukas H. Meyer and Pranay Sanklecha, 46-60. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314235001_Climate_Justice_and_Historical_Emissions
United Nations Development Programme. 2013. “Gender and climate finance”. https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/publications/PB5-AP-Gender-and-Climate-Finance.pdf
United Nations Environment Programme. 2021. “Gender and the environment: a preliminary analysis of gaps and opportunities in Latin America and the Caribbean”. https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/34929/GEN_EN.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2009. “Fact sheet: The need for adaptation”. https://unfccc.int/files/press/backgrounders/application/pdf/press_factsh_adaptation.pdf
Vásconez Rodríguez, Alison. 2012. “Protección social y trabajo no remunerado: redistribución de las responsabilidades y tareas del cuidado. Estudio de caso Ecuador”, Serie Mujer y Desarrollo, no. 115: 1-64. https://repositorio.cepal.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/1d6db996-520c-45e4-9f03-168286e17cb4/content
Winkler, Ralph. 2023. “On the Relationship between Adaptation and Mitigation”. Discussion Papers, no. 23-07, University of Bern, Department of Economics. https://hdl.handle.net/10419/278436
Wright, Sarah Judith, Anne Sietsma, Stefanie Isabel Korswagen, Ioannis N. Athanasiadis, , and Robber Biesbroek. 2023. “How do countries frame climate change? A global comparison of adaptation and mitigation in UNFCCC National Communications”, Regional Environmental Change no. 23: 129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-023-02113-3