Significance of the Ecuador-Spain Debt Conversion Program for Education and Scientific Researh 2005-2022
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This article examines the Ecuador-Spain Debt Conversion Program (PCDEE), implemented between 2005 and 2022, as an innovative tool for international cooperation and sustainable development. The program focused on projects in education, science, and clean energy, primarily benefiting vulnerable areas in Ecuador. Through a multi- disciplinary assessment, it highlights positive impacts on strategic sectors, including improvements in education, research, and energy transition, as well as post-disaster reconstruction. However, it also identifies structural limitations such as reliance on external funding, limited local participation in decision-making, and the absence of independent external evaluations. The study concludes that, although the PCDEE is a valuable model, its success depends on strengthening evaluation frameworks, governance, and ensuring long-term sustainability.
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